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Projects / Programmes source: ARIS

In situ immobilization of contaminated soil using innovative nanotechnology, for processing and use as urban soils

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Research activity

Code Science Field Subfield
1.06.01  Natural sciences and mathematics  Geology  Mineralogy and petrology 

Code Science Field
P420  Natural sciences and mathematics  Petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry 

Code Science Field
1.05  Natural Sciences  Earth and related Environmental sciences 
Keywords
Contaminated soil, toxic metals, remediation, remediation additives, nanoparticles, test field, lysimeter.
Evaluation (rules)
source: COBISS
Evaluation of bibliographic research performance indicators according to ARIS methodology
Citations Citations for bibliographic records in COBIB.SI that are linked to records in citation databases
source: WoS source: Scopus source: COBISS
Researchers (11)
no. Code Name and surname Research area Role Period No. of publications
1.  30040  PhD Matej Maček  Civil engineering  Researcher  2016 - 2018  433 
2.  08314  PhD Radmila Milačič  Control and care of the environment  Researcher  2016 - 2018  802 
3.  05930  PhD Ana Mladenović  Geology  Head  2016 - 2018  819 
4.  35471  PhD Petra Novak  Control and care of the environment  Researcher  2016 - 2017  15 
5.  36451  PhD Primož Oprčkal  Geology  Junior researcher  2016 - 2018  124 
6.  09146  PhD Ana Petkovšek  Civil engineering  Researcher  2016 - 2018  961 
7.  33748  PhD Jasna Smolar  Civil engineering  Researcher  2016 - 2018  338 
8.  18359  PhD Janez Ščančar  Control and care of the environment  Researcher  2016 - 2018  677 
9.  36350  PhD Janja Vidmar  Control and care of the environment  Researcher  2016 - 2018  139 
10.  32263  PhD Vesna Zalar Serjun  Geology  Researcher  2016 - 2018  127 
11.  25667  PhD Tea Zuliani  Control and care of the environment  Researcher  2016 - 2018  316 
Organisations (3)
no. Code Research organisation City Registration number No. of publications
1.  0106  Jožef Stefan Institute  Ljubljana  5051606000  90,742 
2.  0792  University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering  Ljubljana  1626981  25,726 
3.  1502  Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute  Ljubljana  5866324000  10,455 
Abstract
In Slovenia numerous cases of soil contamination are identified. They represent potential emission source of toxic substances and thus hazard for a health of inhabitants and living beings. Type and concentrations of contaminants present are directly connected to the past activities that were performed at the location. However, most intensive contamination of soil is usually the consequence of industrial and mining activities. It is estimated that 80 km2 wide area of Slovenia is contaminated by toxic metals in concentrations that exceed limit values. The Old Zinc-Works in Celje is the largest degraded area, which is estimated to be cowered by 3 million metric tons of soil, contaminated by toxic metals zinc, cadmium, lead, and also tars. Environmentally and economically most sustainable solution for reclamation of such areas is in-situ remediation of soil in a way that the latter is mixed with appropriate additives. Soil is thus transformed in an engineering composite, which is installed at reclamation site as a structural fill. The latter represents new urban soil which can be used for further urbanization or other activities. The aim of this project is to develop the in-situ environmentally, technically and economically acceptable method for remediation of the soils contaminated with toxic metal. The method will be validated on a laboratory scale and on a field scale. The emphasis will be on efficiency and long term stability of those composites where iron nanoparticles (nanoscale zero-valent   iron and Fe3O4) as immobilization additives will be used. The high reactivity due to a fast oxidation of iron makes them an efficient remediation agent. The utilization of nZVI represents an upgrade of existing technologies and procedures that could enhance their efficiency in cases of remediation of highly contaminated parts of soil.
Significance for science
Nanoscale zero-valent iron particles are quite routinely used for remediation of contaminated water, especially groundwater aquifers. However, the use of this material for remediation of contaminated soil remains on a laboratory scale. This is mainly due to relatively high costs that make the treatment with only nanoparticles economically infeasible. Therefore the immobilization additives obtained from recycling of industrial waste will be in the mixture. New custom tailored-made composites, that will be developed and optimized on a laboratory level and afterwards tested and validated through the large scale trial, represent the most important contribution to scientific and professional level in this field. In addition to the pollution characteristics, the geomechanical and hydrological properties of the soil and parent bedrock will also be taken into account. This research will be the basis for the professional and realistic approach towards rehabilitation of areas of Slovenia, contaminated with toxic metals, in such a way that remediated soil is applied in situ as high quality engineering fill, which will be chemically inert during its whole lifespan. It is also crucial that rehabilitation procedures can be performed with standard engineering equipment. This requirement will be taken into account, so that different techniques of preparation and installation of remediated soil in the ground will be empirically investigated. The research will be performed in one specific contaminated area however, the extrapolation of the results of the research and of the optimized methodology to other areas (outside Slovenia) which have been polluted by heavy metals will be possible and feasible. All of these activities are important for the progress of science in the field of remediation of contaminated soils at the national as well as the international level.
Significance for the country
Results of the project will be publically available, which means that all the companies, that deal with in situ remediation of contaminated soil or are considering set up this activities, will benefit from it. Targeting subjects are also waste holders or producers of industrial wastes, which have the potential to be used as remediation additives (especially different ashes). This kind of closed-loop material management on a regional level and initiation of industrial symbiosis will generate immediate financial benefits on economy. On a long term scale the project can also contribute to the establishment of a new industrial economic sector – waste treatment – which could become a new independent economic branch, with the possibility of creating new jobs.
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