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Projects / Programmes source: ARIS

Hydrothermal synthesis of strongly adhered TiO2 photocatalytic coatings on metallic substrates

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Research activity

Code Science Field Subfield
2.04.01  Engineering sciences and technologies  Materials science and technology  Inorganic nonmetallic materials 

Code Science Field
T153  Technological sciences  Ceramic materials and powders 

Code Science Field
2.05  Engineering and Technology  Materials engineering 
Keywords
ecology, photocatalysis, TiO2, titania, microreactors, tap water, waste water treatment, hydrothermal synthesis, thin films, coatings, wear, erosion
Evaluation (rules)
source: COBISS
Evaluation of bibliographic research performance indicators according to ARIS methodology
Citations Citations for bibliographic records in COBIB.SI that are linked to records in citation databases
source: WoS source: Scopus source: COBISS
Researchers (18)
no. Code Name and surname Research area Role Period No. of publications
1.  35460  PhD Anže Abram  Materials science and technology  Junior researcher  2014  100 
2.  20140  PhD Peter Cvahte  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  165 
3.  19029  PhD Nina Daneu  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  424 
4.  02556  PhD Goran Dražić  Materials science and technology  Head  2011 - 2014  1,029 
5.  28476  PhD Nataša Drnovšek  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2013  87 
6.  00582  PhD Miran Gaberšček  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2013 - 2014  900 
7.  30873  PhD Barbara Horvat  Materials science and technology  Junior researcher  2011 - 2013  111 
8.  15908  Alojz Kegl  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  6 
9.  04968  PhD Varužan Kevorkijan  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  352 
10.  33321  PhD Matic Krivec  Chemistry  Junior researcher  2011 - 2013  38 
11.  15911  Marjana Lažeta  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  21 
12.  04292  PhD Saša Novak Krmpotič  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  668 
13.  31361  PhD Maja Pivko  Materials science and technology  Technical associate  2013 - 2014  16 
14.  10083  PhD Aleksander Rečnik  Chemistry  Researcher  2011 - 2014  651 
15.  15597  PhD Zoran Samardžija  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2011 - 2014  577 
16.  29484  PhD Dejan Verhovšek  Chemical engineering  Researcher  2011 - 2014  56 
17.  04070  Tatjana Vončina - Terglav  Chemistry  Researcher  2011 - 2014  0 
18.  07930  Dušan Žbogar  Chemistry  Researcher  2011 - 2014  5 
Organisations (4)
no. Code Research organisation City Registration number No. of publications
1.  0104  National Institute of Chemistry  Ljubljana  5051592000  21,007 
2.  0106  Jožef Stefan Institute  Ljubljana  5051606000  90,753 
3.  0276  Cinkarna - Metallurgical and Chemical Industry, Celje, Inc.  Celje - poštni predali  5042801  95 
4.  0719  IMPOL Inustry of Metal Semimanufactures d.o.o.  Slovenska Bistrica  5040736  135 
Abstract
In ecology oriented applications, such as water waste treatment, air and drinking water purification titania (TiO2), once believed as a non toxic, is used due to its photocatalytic properties. As practically all nanomaterials titania in the form of nanopowders could be quite toxic and dangerous and could substantially contribute to the pollution of eco systems. To minimised the pollution of the environment where titania products are used it is very important that it is not used in a loose powder form or even in suspension, but as tightly adhered coating with minimised wear or erosion possibility. The goal of proposed project is a preparation of strongly adhered TiO2 anatase coatings with suitable mechanical and photocatalytic properties on various metals. Hydrothermal process (in secured closed vessel) should prevent pollution with nano-TiO2 during production stage. The main approach to produce coatings with high adhesion will be the formation of a dense interfacial (buffer) layer between substrate metal (aluminium, zinc, stainless steel, etc.) and top TiO2 anatase layer using hydrothermal synthesis. This layer will act at the same time as a nucleation layer for nano-anatase crystals, which will be formed during the second stage of the hydrothermal process.   The activities in the project are divided in four groups: - study of formation of buffer layers on the top of metal substrate materials - hydrothermal synthesis of firmly bound, effective photocatalytic TiO2 coatings on top of the buffer layers - production of test microreactors where photocatalysis and wear and erosion resistance will be tested - detailed microstructure characterization of newly developed materials and explanation of mechanisms and processes taking place during the synthesis   Ability of controlling the particle size, shape and the orientation of TiO2 nano-crystals will enable the tailoring of the properties regarding the intended use of the coatings. This know-how will be used in industrial applications where the production of various types of devices will be possible. The results of the project will have strong potential impact on the industry. During the research in the frame of project we expect to solve many problems and to find suitable technology of preparing strongly adhered photocatalytic TiO2 coatings on metallic substrates with hydrothermal synthesis. After finishing the project it will be logically to transfer the findings to industrial scale and to develop new products like UV and/or solar driven purifier/steriliser of tap water, self-cleaning metallic decorative plates for protection of buildings, microreactors for purification of waste water, etc. The application of strongly bound TiO2 coatings will have also positive impact on ecology due to negligible erosion and consequently minimised load of potentially dangerous nano-TiO2 particles to the surroundings. The advantage of the proposed project is a complementary expertise of the research partners with knowledge and skills from different scientific, technical and experimental backgrounds. The project will be coordinated by the  Department for Nanostructure Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia (synthesis and characterization of materials). Other members of consortium are Impol d.o.o., one of the largest producer of aluminium products in Slovenia, private researcher dr. Varužan Kevorkijan, director of Impol R&D, both involved in preparation and characterisation of Al substrates and research of optimal surface treatment, Cinkarna Celje d.d., producer of TiO2 materials, responsible for preparation and research of input TiO2 materials and Zn substrates and Department for materials and catalysis, University of Porto, Portugal as specialist in the field of catalysis (detailed measurements of the photocatalytic effect). Among other researchers 4 Ph.D. students will be included in the research (3 from institute and 1 from the industry).
Significance for science
The topics of the project are in accordance with the priorities of the national research program of the Republic of Slovenia, such as nanomaterials and nanotechnologies, ecology and quality of environment (soil, water, air) and health. These areas, particularly important for Slovenia, are defined as those that urge expanding of their knowledge, scientific and economic efficiency of propulsion, based on the values of human society, as well as those that directly support the faster development of the leading economic sectors. Air and water pollution is a rising problem that will have strong impact on human health and quality of life throughout next generations. Air and water cleaning technologies are developing fast, among photocatalytic nanomaterials become more and more important. Realising that nanoparticles could be extremely hazardous there is strong risk that nanomaterials, used for purification will remain in cleaned material and at the same time become dangerous pollutant. Knowledge how to tightly immobilise the photocatalytic nanoparticles on substrate surface to be used in cleaning technologies is in this sense very important. During the research work within the project we acquire knowledge that will influence the development of new photocatalytic materials for use in water and/or air purification. We developed new concepts of microreactor that could be used as a secondary cycle water purification at the level of individual houses. Beside experimental work in synthesis of new materials, systematic microstructural investigation, down to atomic resolution, was performed using electron microscopy and microanalysis methods. In the project consortium beside researchers from Department for Nanostructured materials, which had complimentary expertise in nanomaterial synthesis, coloidal chemistry, microstructural investigation using electron beam techniques, also researchers from National Institute of Chemistry with the expertize in measurements of photocatalytic properties and determination and modelling of (micro)reactor properties were present. Experts specialised in metals and metal surfaces from two largest Slovenian industries were also involved: Impol, Slovenska Bistrica and Cinkarna Celje. The Laboratory of catalysis and materials from Engineering Faculty of University of Porto contributed with his broad expertise, experience and equipment connected with photocatalysis. The main and original scientific contributions, were generated under this project, and were published at international level interesting for professional and scientific community. The research groups involved published 8 scientific papers in scientific journals with high impact factors, two invited lectures and many contributions at the international conferences. Two researches from the project team co-authored a patent application of the conceptually completely new design of photo-electro catalytical microreactor. The knowledge gained from the project was transferred to the participating companies and is the basis for new very interesting products.
Significance for the country
The results of the project will have strong potential impact on the industry and ecology. During the research in the frame of project we solved many problems and found suitable technology of preparing strongly adhered photocatalytic TiO2 coatings on metallic substrates with hydrothermal synthesis. After finishing the project it would be logical to transfer the findings to industrial scale and to develop new products like UV and/or solar driven purifier/steriliser of tap water, self-cleaning metallic decorative plates for protection of buildings, microreactors for purification of waste water, etc. The application of strongly bonded TiO2 coatings will have also positive impact on ecology due to negligible erosion and consequently minimised load of potentially dangerous nanoTiO2 particles to the environment. Another direct economy impact would be possible if microreactor based devices would be used in individual houses as solar-driven purification systems for moderately contaminated water (contaminated with detergents, soaps, mild organics, etc.). This purified water could be used for irrigation (watering plants), car washing, toilet flushing, etc. In such a case the amount of consumed drinking water would be halved. Both industrial partners (Impol d.o.o. and Cinkarna Celje, d.d.) are strongly motivated to use the results in their future production. To maintain a global and competitive economy requires a new innovative production technology, such as the development of tightly bound photocatalytic surfaces used in environment friendly applications. Participation of the various research groups within the project, of which each in its field has proved a rich expertise, enabled the development of new nanostructred materials, which until now Slovenia has not yet been demonstrated. With the participation of our experts in the fields of metallurgy, surface and microstructure analysis, colloidal chemistry and physics, environment and materials science, processing and characterization of surfaces, enabled the development of high quality functional coating materials that would provide low cost, efficient and environmental friendly purification of water and air, and thus would provide a higher level of quality of life. Development of TiO2 microreactor based purifiers would improve the competitiveness of the Slovenian industry. Dissemination and transfer of knowledge between scientific institutions and industry was an extremely important parameter of organization and management of this project. It is very important that the industrial enterprises access and participate in research and development activities at the institutes and universities. On the other hand, through this cooperation the institute researchers had opportunity to better understand the complexity and pace of industrial development. Such cooperation could promote the flow of talented young researchers toward industry.
Most important scientific results Annual report 2012, 2013, final report, complete report on dLib.si
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results Annual report 2012, 2013, final report, complete report on dLib.si
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