Hemp (Cannabis sativa L. var. sativa) represents the current improvement of modern diets because of its favorable nutritional composition. It contains nutritionally important proteins and oil with a favorable fatty acid composition. The study examined the influence of the variety on the nutritional composition of hemp seeds produced in a field experiment in 2017 in Ljubljana, where nine different varieties were used: Fedora 17, KC Dóra, Santhica 27, Kompolti hybrid TC, Monoica, Futura 75, Helena, Tiborszallasi and USO 31. The results indicated that there are differences between varieties in the yield of crude proteins and fats per unit of production and in the content of fat, while the varieties did not prove to be different in protein content. The crude protein content was between 19.0 % and 22.6 % and the fat content was between 18.2 % and 28.6 %. From the point of view of the nutritional composition and yield of raw proteins/fats (kg/ha), the varieties Futura 75, Tiborszallasi and KC Dóra turned out to be the most interesting varieties in the conditions of the experiment in 2017.
COBISS.SI-ID: 9134713
This study presents the results of fibre procurement from different hemp varieties, targeting the isolation of single fibres rather than fibrous agglomerates. In order to separate fibres from the whole plant, enzymatic retting and mechanical removal were employed. Pectin that connects bast fibres in hemp stalk is necessary to be removed in order to isolate single fibres; pectins are structural polysaccharides contained in the primary cell wall and their decomposition is usually achieved by enzyme action. Analysis of tensile properties and fineness of hemp fibres was conducted according to standardised methods with dynamometer, while morphological examination of hemp fibres was performed with an electron scanning microscope. Morphology of enzymatically-treated fibres showed a wide variety of structural features within one single variety, let alone when different varieties were compared; mechanical separation which followed enzyme treatment did not result in complete separation of fibres and removal of lignin. Analogous to visual investigation, mechanical analysis of enzyme-treated hemp bast fibres also shows a wide scattering of measured values of tensile properties; correlating these results with observed fibre morphology, the inhomogeneity of fibre agglomerate diameters was recognised as on one of the main factors influencing the fibre fineness and their behaviour during tensile tests.
COBISS.SI-ID: 9134969
Hemp (Cannabis sativa) growing in its two decade's reintroduction in cultivation and processing in Slovenia has been accompanied by considerable technical barriers. Production practice varies widely in Slovenia and there is still a lot of manual work. The usual yield of seed is 300 to 600 kg/ha. However, in certain years, yields are much lower and in favourable conditions up to one ton of seed can be achieved. Selection of the appropriate varieties must have highest priority, since we have no Slovenian varieties at the moment. In the literature review, we found that hemp varieties can achieve very different yields of seed, stems and inflorescences and that yields are highly year and location dependent. Field experiments in Slovenia showed that yields of seed, stems and inflorescences differ greatly among varieties. In Slovenia, 13 varieties are cultivated on areas larger than 10 ha. The cultivation area of varieties Fedora 17, USO 31 and Finola has been steadily decreasing since 2015, the cultivation area of the KC Dora is about 60 ha, while the area under the varieties Tiborszallasi and Futura 75 is increasing. These six varieties were grown on about 260 ha in 2018, which was 84 % of all hemp fields. In different geographical regions of Slovenia growers give priority to different hemp varieties with regard to the purpose of cultivation for different end-uses.
COBISS.SI-ID: 9134201