The purpose of this paper is to present the monogenic traits and their presence in black and white breeds in Slovenia based on genotyped males and females within the V4-1613 CRP project "Introduction of genomic selection and genotyping in dairy cattle breeds in Slovenia". With the increasing use of insemination in cattle breeding since 1940 and the use of embryo transfer, there has been an increasing use of a small number of elite bulls, increasing the rate of relatedness in the population and consequently the likelihood of spreading unwanted or even harmful alleles in the population. Animal genotyping allows us insight into the genome of animals, and we can find carriers of desirable and undesirable alleles. We included 2,830 animals of the black and white breed in the analysis, which were genotyped with the 54K microchip Weatherbys Scientific Bovine VersaSNP 50K ™. The result of such genotyping is, among other things, markers associated with monogenic traits. The proportion of vectors for complex vertebral abnormality (CVM) was 3.05%, for the absence of leukocyte defense ability (BLAD) 0.69%, for uridine monophosphate synthase enzyme (DUMPS) deficiency 0.65%, for syndactyly (MF) 0.81%, for Citrullinemia (CT) 0.57%, for increased embryo mortality HH1 3.11%, HH3 4.49%, HH4 3.71%, HH5 2.84%, HH6 2.40% and HH7 0.68%. Genotyping with a 54K microchip allows us to identify carriers of the allele for hornlessness (Pp), where the proportion of carriers is 0.49% and the allele for red color (RH), where 3.71% are recessive homozygotes (red-white) and 15.83 % of recessive allele carriers (black and white). The preferred genotype A2/A2 for beta casein is present in 38.41% of animals, while the preferred genotype B/B for kappa casein is present in 7.84% of animals. We also recognize alleles that affect fat and protein content and the amount of milk and are located in the ABCG2, DGAT1 genes and in areas in the genome where growth hormone is encoded. By knowing the carriers of monogenetic traits in bulls as cows and the right combination with planned insemination, we can reduce the economic damage caused by unwanted alleles in subsequent generations.
F.18 Transfer of new know-how to direct users (seminars, fora, conferences)
COBISS.SI-ID: 4335240