Ribotype 078 is in publications described as a main group that is present in humans as well as animals. In this paper, that represnt the first published study on a large number of strains from three different reservoirs, we have shown that type 078 can be absent is some coutries and that several other riboytpes are transmitted between humans and animals.
COBISS.SI-ID: 3521658
All eight microbiological diagnostic laboratories providing C. difficile diagnostics in Slovenia have participated. Isolates from two month- winter period were collected and ribotyped.The following data were also collected from the laboratories: number of all tested samples, number of all positive samples, and patient age and gender. Results: In a two-month period, altogether 860 samples were tested for C. difficile in all participating laboratories. Of those, 154 (17.9 %) samples from 125 patients were positive. The percentage of positive samples in different laboratories ranged from 13.3 to 43.2%. Two out of eight laboratoriesdid not have positive samples. C. difficile strains(n= 149) were grouped into 35 ribotypes. However, 57.7% of all strains belonged only to two PC Rribotypes (027 and 014/020). PCR ribotype 027 was not present in Slovenia until 2010, but was in this study the most prevalent PCR ribotype and present mainly in the northeast region.Conclusions: There is a substantial diversity of C. difficile ribotypes in Slovenia. A high prevalence of ribotype 027 and a high percentage of positive samples in some laboratories indicate the presence of C. difficile outbreaks.
COBISS.SI-ID: 31093721
This publication for the first time describes that not only presence or absence of the single gut microorganism is important, but that certain patterns composed of presence/absence of several gut microorganisms are correlated with C. difficile colonization. Also for the first time we describe that certain ribotypes (027) are associated with more disturbed gut microbiota. In this study we have analysed bacterial, fungal and archaeal microbiota by denaturing high pressure liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and with machine learning methods in 208 faecal samplesfrom healthy volunteers and in routine samples with requested C. difficile testing. Bifidobacterium longum was the single most important species associated with C. difficile negative samples.
COBISS.SI-ID: 16731158
Bacterial, fungal and archaeal microbiota was analysed in 143 chicken faecal samples from a single poultry farm. After DHPLC (denaturing high performance liquid chromatography) 15 bacterial groups, 10 fungal groups and a single archaeal species were differentiated. Acidaminococcus intestini, described here for the first time as a part of poultry faecal microbiota, was significantly more likely present in C. difficile negative samples, while presence/absence of some other microorganisms (Enterococcus cecorum, Lactobacillus galinarum, Moniliella sp. and Trichosporon asahii) was close to significance. Differences in microbiota diversity depend on animal age, but not on the presence of C. difficile. With machine learning (WEKA J48) we have defined specific combinations of microbial groups predictive for C. difficile colonisation.
COBISS.SI-ID: 16908054
A total of 190 human (n=94) and animal isolates (n=96) of Clostridium difficile of different PCR ribotypes were screened for susceptibility to 30 antimicrobials using broth microdilution. All strains were susceptible to metronidazole and vancomycin. Resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and moxifloxacin was found in 9.4 %, 18.1 %, 41.9 %, 11.7 % of human and 19.6 %, 8.3 %, 38.5 %, 4.2 % of animal isolates, respectively.
COBISS.SI-ID: 3710586