Fruit quality was investigated on apples from organic and integrated production systems. It was found that organically produced apples (especially Golden Delicious) contained some more single phenols (targeted metabolomic profiling) while the appearance and the senzorial fruit quality was better for integrated produced apples.
COBISS.SI-ID: 4220776
The producer of vaccine against GnRH recommends that immunocastrated pigs are to be slaughtered within four to six weeks after the second vaccination (V2). It is also considered, that immunocastration is temporary. The objective of the study was to examine the effect of shorter or longer delay on steroid hormones, boar taint compounds, morphological and histological traits of reproductive organs. The investigated physiological, morphological and histological traits were progressive with the increasing delay to slaughter (clearly seen already two weeks after V2), while no signs of functional or morphological restoration was observed within eight weeks after V2.
COBISS.SI-ID: 3945064
American foulbrood is one of the most devastating diseases of the honey bee. It is caused by the spore-forming, Gram-positive rod-shaped bacterium Paenibacillus larvae. In this paper, selected techniques and protocols for American foulbrood research are provided, mostly in a recipe-like format that permits easy implementation in the laboratory. Topics covered include: working with Paenibacillus larvae, basic microbiological techniques, experimental infection, and “’omics” and other sophisticated techniques. Further, this chapter covers other technical information including biosafety measures to guarantee the safe handling of this pathogen.
COBISS.SI-ID: 4036200
The aim of this study was to predict the fatty acid (FA) composition of bulk milk using data describing farming practices collected via on-farm surveys. The FA composition of 1,248 bulk cow milk samples and the related farming practices were collected from 20 experiments led in 10 different European countries at 44° N to 60° N latitude and sea level to 2,000 m altitude. Fatty acids were predicted by cow diet composition and by the altitude at which milk was produced, whereas animal-related factors (i.e., lactation stage, breed, milk yield, and proportion of primiparous cows in the herd) were not significant in any of the models. Proportion of fresh herbage in the cow diet was the main predictor, with the highest effect in almost all FA models. These prediction models could offer farmers a valuable tool to help improve the nutritional quality of the milk they produce.
COBISS.SI-ID: 4183656
We monitored the levels of pesticide residues (GC-MS and LC-MS-MS), copper (FAAS), biogenic amines (HPLC-DAD), volatile phenols (SBSE-GC-MS) and microbiological quality (membrane filtration) in bottled Cviček and Blaufränkisch wines in two consecutive years. In bottled Cviček wines of 2008 and 2009 vintages sampled at the producers, residues of eight and twelve pesticides were determined respectively. Consequently, the producers should make an attempt to reduce the number of pesticide residues in wines. The most frequently determined pesticides were fenhexamid, cyprodinil, metalaxyl-M, iprovalicarb, dimethomorph, fludioxonil and pyrimethanil. The concentrations of pesticide residues in samples did not exceed the proposed maximum residue limits (MRLs). The highest concentration in 2008 was determined for iprovalicarb (0.20 mg L-1) and in 2009 for fenhexamid (0.31 mg L-1). Copper levels in the Cviček wines were definitely too high and 17 samples in 2008 and seven in 2009 exceeded the MRL. The microbiological stability of the wines was poor and should be improved. However, the levels of biogenic amines in the traded Cviček and Blaufränkisch wines were low. Furthermore, we only detected 4-ethylguaiacol and 4-ethylphenol above the LOQ (limit of quantification) in three Blaufränkisch wines in concentrations of 81 152 μg L-1 and 149-435 μg L-1. These results together with Brettanomyces spp. yeast detection in two Cviček wines signify that producers should pay more attention to the both issues.
COBISS.SI-ID: 4131688