User context and user location in particular play an important role in location-based services (LBS). The location can be determined by various positioning methods. These are typically evaluated with average positioning error or percentile values, which are not the most suitable metrics for evaluation of how a positioning method functions in the semantic space. Therefore, we propose a new method for evaluation of positioning accuracy in the semantic space. We focus on two types of semantic user locations that are widely available in urban areas: the street address and the categories of the surrounding points of interest (POIs). We demonstrate its use on ten different positioning methods: a standalone satellite navigation device, GPS module on a smartphone, two versions of Foursquare positioning service, Google positioning service, a positioning service of the local mobile operator, and four other possible variants of mobile operator-based positioning methods. The evaluation suggest that approach with the street addresses is more promising approach due to either sparse or unevenly distributed POIs. Furthermore, some of the positioning methods that are less accurate in Euclidean space, such as a combination of the GPS data with the mobile operator-based method that relies on the propagation models, performed comparably well in the semantic space as the methods that are using more accurate technologies, such as Google and Foursquare.
COBISS.SI-ID: 11107668
Let G be a unit disk graph in the plane defined by n disks whose positions are known. For the case when G is unweighted, we give a simple algorithm to compute a shortest path tree from a given source in O(n log n) time. For the case when G is weighted, we show that a shortest path tree from a given source can be computed in O(n^{1+e}) time, improving the previous best time bound of O(n^{4/3+e}), for every e)0.
COBISS.SI-ID: 17194841
In the first part of this paper we unify the motivations and approaches to two very famous lower bounds for the chromatic number of a graph and rewrite them in a very similar settings which are easy to understand and straightforward to implement. In the second part of the paper we provide explanations how to solve efficiently the resulting semidefinite programs and how to use optimal solutions to get good colouring heuristics.
COBISS.SI-ID: 2048193043
The assurance of quality of experience (QoE) and provisioning of high throughput of the system represent the main goals of future wireless and mobile networks. This paper presents novel and practical cross-layer QoE-aware radio resource allocation (RRA) algorithms for the downlink of a heterogeneous orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system. The objective of the proposed algorithms is to assure the appropriate level of QoE for each user of the system by incorporating application-layer parameters and subjective human perception of quality into the RRA process. We propose two user-oriented joint subcarrier and power allocation algorithms with low complexity for real-time and interactive services. The first algorithm dynamically allocates resources by assuring the same level of QoE to all users of the system, whereas the second algorithm introduces the efficient trade-off between the user’s QoE and the spectral efficiency of the system. By considering application-layer parameters and user’s perception of quality, high users’ QoE and explicit control of data rates can be achieved. The numerical results show that the proposed algorithms achieve significant increase in the level of QoE compared to previous works, a fair distribution of capacity among users and near to optimal solution of QoE for the OFDMA system.
COBISS.SI-ID: 10775636
The star chromatic index $\chi'_{S}(G)$ of a graph G is the minimum number of colors needed to properly color the edges of the graph so that no path or cycle of length four is bi-colored. We obtain a near-linear upper bound in terms of the maximum degree $\Delta = \Delta (G)$. Our best lower bound on $\chi'_{S}$ in terms of $\Delta $ is $2\Delta (1+o(1))$ valid for complete graphs. We also consider the special case of cubic graphs, for which we show that the star chromatic index lies between 4 and 7 and characterize the graphs attaining the lower bound. The proofs involve a variety of notions from other branches of mathematics and may therefore be of certain independent interest.
COBISS.SI-ID: 16925273