Invited lecture at 14th International Conference on Diffusion in Solids and Liquids, DSL2018, 25-29 June, 2018, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Topic: The effective reduction of permeation of gaseous hydrogen isotopes into a metal wall is essential in two main fields: prevention of hydrogen-embrittlement in steels and control of the tritium inventory in future nuclear fusion reactors. By far the most important advances and relevant studies originate from the nuclear Fusion community where tritium retention is an important issue which determines the reactor lifetime. Stable permeation barriers are searched among those materials with the lowest bulk hydrogen solubility and diffusivity. Besides a few specific pure metals, like tungsten, dense oxides, nitrides and carbides were mostly investigated. Unfortunately, attractive properties of many candidate materials are not always compatible with basic constraints arising from the mismatch of their expansion coefficients. Coating technologies for preparation of well adhered and perfect barriers are evidently of the same importance as the material selection. Most attractive are the methods where an ad-layer is formed simply by oxidation. Other methods require specific gas environments, with strong electric and magnetic fields, which may limit their capabilities over large and uneven areas. The evaluation of achieved barrier performances is another challenging task. Several new methods, which are able to trace hydrogen isotopes in the bulk at very low concentrations, often miss in determination of their mobility. In addition, they do not reveal the role of barrier defects. Classical gas permeation technique through coated substrates is still the most reliable method to determine the true barrier efficiency. At elevated temperature, hydrogen flux is recorded at the downstream side of a coated membrane exposed to a substantially higher upstream pressure. By using modern vacuum instrumentation techniques, even the most efficient barriers can be well characterized.
B.04 Guest lecture
COBISS.SI-ID: 32057383Patent application No. DE 102014200907 A1, from 23. 07. 2015 describes and protects construction of outgassing reference samples which are built from permeation element based on elastomeric material and suitable hermetically sealed reservoir. When reservoir is filled with a selected gas or liquid, this penetrates into the elastomeric material and disolves in it. When such sample is placed in the vacuum system the dissolved gas starts to evolve into vacuum with a known value of gas flow rate which simulates outgassing rate of selected gas. Reference sample can be measured by the primary outgassing measurement system, yielding a certified reference value of the outgasing rate. After that the sample can be sent to a user in industry or another laboratory for the measurement in their system. By comparing their results with the certified reference value the industrial outgassing rate measurement facilities can be calibrated or validated. Certified reference samples can be also used in a round robin test for the proficiency testing of systems in different laboratories.
F.32 International patent
COBISS.SI-ID: 1194410The Czech Metrology Institute (CMI) took part and failed to prove equivalence in the Key Comparison CCM.P-K12 of helium leak artefacts (leak rates) into vacuum. After identifying and eliminating the cause of the failure, the Institute of Metals and Technology (IMT) of Slovenia, a successful participant in CCM.P-K12, volunteered to serve as pilot and link in a following bilateral comparison of IMT and CMI that obtained designation CCM.P-K12.1 in June 2012. It was decided to perform the comparison with a glass permeation helium leak artefact at nominally 3 10-11 mol/s (7.4 10-7 mbar L s-1) at 23 °C. Both the laboratory standards took part in CCM.P-K12 and were considered as primary. The comparison measurements were performed in October 2012. CMI proved equivalence both with IMT and with the reference value of the key comparison CCM.PK12
D.06 Final report on a foreign/international project
COBISS.SI-ID: 119569016th Joint Vacuum Conference (JVC-16) and the 14th European Vacuum Conference (EVC-14) were jointly organized by the Slovenian Society for Vacuum Technique between June 6th and 10th, 2016. The conference took place in Portorož, Slovenia. JVC-16 (16th Joint Vacuum Conference) was the 16th conference of the vacuum societies of Austria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Slovakia and Slovenia. It is organized biennially in one of the member countries. EVC-14 (14th European Vacuum Conference) was the 14th in a series of conferences also organized biennially by one of the European vacuum societies on behalf of IUVSTA (International Union for Vacuum Science, Technique and Applications).
B.01 Organiser of a scientific meeting
COBISS.SI-ID: 30193447Since 2017 Janez Setina is Editorial board member of international journal Vacuum (Elsevier). Journal has impact factor 2.067:2017
C.06 Editorial board membership