The theme of the invention is a procedure for anaerobic biological removal of cyanide and production of biogas from cyanide by the use of mixtures of cyanide-contaminated industrial waste water and organic-rich industrial wastewater as inflows in the typical anaerobic biogas reactor. The procedure is based on the anaerobic degradation of cyanide by microbial communities normally present in biogas plants, where the inflow into the reactor is a mixture of cyanide-contaminated water and an organic-rich waters of specific types. The process allows immediate degradation of cyanide with microbial communities. In the case of inhibition with cyanide the conditions in the reactor enable a chemical reaction of cyanide detoxification, which effectively reduce the inhibition with cyanide and enable microbial-mediated conversion of cyanide and its abiotic derivatives in additional biogas and methane.
F.33 Slovenian patent
COBISS.SI-ID: 3421576The author presented in the invited lecture own research of the group in the last decade focusing on the bacteria from the Bacteroidetes phylum. It all started with the development of a fast and efficient system for gene introduction and expression hitherto not available for the genus Prevotella. Soon afterwards it was realized that the fundamental process of mRNA translation initiation was different in this phylum which was shown bioinformatically as well as using in vitro reporter assays. Later they noted the correlation between the predicted gene expression and the presence of translation initiation signals in Bacteroidetes genomes. When examining these correlations between genomes of various Bacteroidetes they've found out that the groups of genomes with similar translation initiation signals usage corresponded to groups of organisms inhabiting similar/same habitats or sharing similar life-styles. They concluded that adaptation to an ecological niche doesn't involve only gene repertoire but also the tuning of expression signals in inter-gene regions.
B.04 Guest lecture
COBISS.SI-ID: 3452552In the modern diet, there is also a lack of essential omega-3 fatty acids. Linseed is a very good source of dietary omega-3 fatty acids. Inclusion of the linseed into animal food results in the returning of omega-3 fatty acids back into the food chain This way we can improve the health status of animals and enrich the animal products with these essential fatty acids. Prior to use, however, the linseeds need to be ground, protected with antioxidants and heat treated. New product Lanol is complementary feed for pigs, cows, poultry and sheep. The primary component is heat treated linseed, protected against oxidation by the antioxidants.
F.06 Development of a new product
COBISS.SI-ID: 3407240The doctoral thesis deals with the problem how probiotics consumption during pregnancy and lactation affect the microbiota of mammary gland (MG) and milk. The mechanism of hypothesized endogenous transfer of probiotic strains from mother's intestine to the MG was studied in vitro using small intestinal cell culture model and the impact of probiotics on the MG microbiota on a mouse model examining two probiotic strains Lactobacillus gasseri K7 (LK7) and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). In in vitro experiment, the highest number of bacteria inside dendritic cells (DC) were detected 3 hours after the addition of LK7 to the apical side of epithelial cells. After 18 hours, the number of intracellular LK7 decreased drastically and after 24 hours, no live LK7 were detected inside DC. These results suggested a possible translocation of LK7 through epithelial layer inside DC, but the results were not additionally confirmed. Probiotics differentially affected signaling pathways after DC stimulation. LGG and LK7 stimulated DC toward ERK1/2 (MAPK3/MAPK1) pathway whereas Escherichia coli Nissle (EcN) toward p38 (MAPK14). Activin A (homodimer INHBA) increased translocation of activated ERK1/2 to the nucleus when DC were stimulated with LGG and LK7 and decreased when DC were stimulated with EcN. Administration of LGG and LK7 to mice during pregnancy and lactation in most cases increased culture-positive samples and the number of copies of bacterial 16S ribosomal DNA in the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), MG and milk. Additionally, both strains increased the share of firmicutes and the share of lactic acid bacteria (mostly genera Lactobacillus and Streptococcus) in the MG. Live LGG were observed in MLN of 3 animals and live LK7 in one. In MG, live LGG were observed in two animals. Both probiotics positively influenced MLN microbiota, since they decreased diversity and increased the distribution of species, while the LGG favorably affected the MG microbiota as it increased the proportion of the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.
D.09 Tutoring for postgraduate students
COBISS.SI-ID: 4373368The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two natural dietary supplements, mushroom Svetlikava pološčenka (Ling Zhi) also called Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum) and olive leaves on oxidative stress in vivo, oxidative stability of meat and histological structure of gastrointestinal tract in rabbits. Forty-eight SIKA rabbits were individually caged and divided into four groups of 12 animals. The negative control group (KONT -) received feed with 6% of palm fat, the positive control group (KONT +) and all other groups received feed with 6% of linseed oil. The feed of control groups was un-supplemented, while other two groups were supplemented with 1% of mushroom Reishi in the form of preparation Galimmun® (GOBE) or 1% of olive leaves (OLJKE). In the last week of the experiment, urine samples were collected and at the end of 22-days of experimental period the blood, liver and gastrointestinal tract samples were collected. After 24-h of chilling, carcass samples of abdominal fat, back and leg muscles were obtained. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring leukocytes’ DNA damage and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in urine, plasma, liver and muscles. The fatty acid composition of the muscles, liver and adipose tissue and the content of vitamin E in plasma, liver and muscles were also determined. The oxidative stability of meat was measured by MDA in differently processed meat together with pH and color determination. The histological structure of small intestine and ceacum were evaluated by measuring height of intestinal villi and depth of intestinal crypts. The antioxidant capacity of lipid and water soluble compounds in tissue and small intestinal content were also measured. Dietary supplements, mushrooms or olive leaves did not reduce oxidative stress in vivo and also did not significantly improve oxidative stability of fresh meat. There was also no influence on the histological structure of gastrointestinal tract.The supplements improved oxidative stability of stored n-3 rich meat to some extent. From the obtained results we assume that supplements should be included in higher amounts or different form (extract) to assure oxidative stability of n-3 rich rabbit meat.
D.09 Tutoring for postgraduate students
COBISS.SI-ID: 808823