Genetic resources comprised of 953 accessions of common (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and 47 accessions of runner (Phaseolus coccineus L.) bean from the national Slovene gene bank were characterized using fourteen morphological seed descriptors. Seeds of each accession were evaluated for six quantitative characteristics: seed length, seed thickness, seed width, seed length/width ratio, seed width/thickness ratio, and 100 or 10 seed weight. Furthermore, seeds were evaluated using eight qualitative characteristics: seed colour; number of seed colours; primary/main seed colour; predominant secondary seed colour; distribution of secondary seed colour; seed veining; seed shape; and seed colour (primary and secondary) and coat pattern. For each, common, and runner bean collection, first four components within principal component analysis explained 75.03% and 80.16% of morphological variability, respectively. Regarding Ward’s method and squared Euclidian distance, three clusters with the most distinct characteristics were established for each species. The results of morphological seed characterization indicate the origin (Andean, Mesoamerican, putative hybrids between gene pools) and domestication pathways of common and runner bean. This is the first study describing morphological seed characteristics of the entire common and runner bean germplasm conserved in one of the Central European bean collections. The results obtained in this study are serving as the useful information on genetic diversity of common and runner bean accessions at the Slovene gene bank, which could be used for development of new bean varieties for studied seed characteristics.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5652328
Aquaporin proteins are part of the complex response of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to drought which affects the quality and quantity of yield of this important crop. To better understand the role of aquaporins in common bean, drought-induced gene expression of several aquaporins was determined in two cultivars, the more drought tolerant Tiber and the less tolerant Starozagorski čern. The two bean cultivars were selected among 16 European genotypes based on the tolerance to drought determined by time needed for plants to wilt after withholding irrigation and yield at harvest. The expression patterns of two plasma membrane intrinsic proteins, PvPIP1;2 and PvPIP2;7, and two tonoplast intrinsic proteins, PvTIP1;1 and PvTIP4;1 in leaves of 21 day old plants were determined by RT-qPCR in both cultivars under three degrees of drought stress, and under rehydration and control conditions. Gene expression of all four examined aquaporins was down-regulated in drought stressed plants. After rehydration it returned to the level of control plants or was even higher. The responses of PvPIP2;7 and PvTIP1;1 during drought and rehydration were particularly pronounced. The gene expression of PvPIP2;7 and PvTIP4;1 during drought was cultivar specific, with greater down-regulation of these two aquaporins in drought tolerant Tiber. Under drought stress the relative water content and water potential of leaves were higher in Tiber than in Starozagorski plants. The differences in these physiological parameters indicate greater prevention of water loss in Tiber during drought, which may be associated with rapid and adequate down-regulation of aquaporins. These results suggest that the ability of plants to conserve water during drought stress involves timely and sufficient down-regulation of gene expression of specific aquaporins.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5239144
In this study proteome changes in the stem of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., cv. Tiber) under drought stress has been analysed. Proteins with changed abundance under drought have been identified with quantitative proteomic analysis and were grouped into several functional groups, mainly into energy metabolism, photosynthesis, proteolysis, protein synthesis and proteins related to defence and stress. The results of the study will contribute to understanding of mechanisms underlying drought stress tolerance in common bean and lead to identification of potential markers whose changes in abundance can be associated with quantitative characteristics used for description of stress tolerance on the genotype level. The results of the research have gained important information that will assist in the evaluation of core collection or sub-collection of the present project, which will include accessions with properties such as tolerance to drought. Cultivar Tiber is already included in the core collection as tolerant cultivar.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5142376
The aim of the research was to assess genetic diversity of 71 accessions from the he Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia using 13 microsatellite and 16 morphological markers. The average number of alleles per microsatellite was 5.8. The relationship among the studied accessions was assessed by hierarchical cluster analysis. A very clear separation of accessions into two groups was observed in the UPGMA dendrogram. The larger represented Andean gene pool and contained 40 accessions (56% of total), while the other 31 accessions (44% of total) composed Mesoamerican gene pool. The two groups were successfully discriminated by eight morphological traits. Within the larger Andean cluster a subgroup of 16 climbing accessions was separated from 24 bush accessions. The absence of the string in the pods of the climbers suggests that this sub-group comprises snap beans grown primarily for their fresh pods. Eight morphological traits distinguished the two Andean sub-groups. Assessment of genetic relationship among accessions, their classification into respective gene pool and identification of morphological peculiarities provided valuable information for the management of plant gene bank and Macedonian bean breeding program.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5112680
Common bean is a major and the most important grain legume for human consumption in the world. For human consumption both immature pods, or green beans and mature grains or dry beans are suitable. Within the framework of current studies at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, several nutritionally important compounds were measured in green beans and mature grains of three common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions. Homogenised dried samples were analysed for the following parameters: moisture content (green beans 79.8 – 90.4 % FW; dry beans 8.9 – 9.1 % DW), proteins (14 – 24 % DW), total fat (0.6 – 1.5 % DW) phytic acid content (113 – 2566 mg/100 g DW), multi-mineral fingerprint (macro-, micro- and trace-minerals) and phenolic profile (phenolic compounds belonging to phenolic acids, isoflavones, flavones, flavonols, flavanones and flavanols). In addition to standard methods the following techniques, i.e. LC-MS/MS, and ICP-MS, were applied. The results showed significant differences between analysed accessions and among different maturity stage (green beans, dry beans) for investigated nutritional parameters.
COBISS.SI-ID: 5628520