Mineral raw materials as non-renewable natural resources are an important factor in economy and development of every country. They can only be extracted in the areas where they can be found in large enough quantities, are of suitable quality and where it is acceptable from spatial planning point of view. Mineral resources are therefore one of the most important factors of natural resources management and land use. Complex exploration of mostly non-metallic mineral raw materials, in smaller extent also metallic and energy raw materials, contributed to better understanding of the geology of Slovenia, as well as to the basic knowledge in the fields of regional geology, petrology, sedimentology, mineralogy, geochemistry, environmental geology, geotechnology and information systems. Applied research of economically important mineral raw materials are of utmost importance for Slovenia, especially non-metallic mineral raw materials for the use in civil engineering and building material industry that are belonging to lower price class and can not be transported through large distances. Those studies contributed mostly to the determination (increase) of the quantities (reserves and resources) of mineral raw materials as well as to the determination of their quality. The data were entered into databases, which will eventually build an information system of mineral resources of Slovenia, which will enable faster access to public domain information on mineral resources. Our other objective was to raise the impact of scientific and expert geological information on governmental development plans - implementation of the principles of sustainable mineral resources management in governmental documents, based upon the Mining Law and spatial legislation. Mineral resources and their deposits are considered to be our natural and cultural heritage, and have a strong impact upon biotic diversity. Therefore they have to be properly protected.