Molecular genetic and ecophysiological researches on the protection of autochthonous animal resources, sustaining domestic animals welfare, health and reproduction, and safe food production

The project will comprise: research on diversity and biogeography of Apis mellifera carnica/macedonica by molecular genetic markers with the aim of protection of autochthonous honey bees in the Balkans; development of novel ecological treatments against Nosema and Varroa spp. to get safe bee products; investigations on host-parasite interactions to learn differences among bee subspecies/ecotypes in resistance against Nosema sp; developing molecular tools of distinguishing N. ceranae from N. apis. Genetic and functional characterization of autochthonous equine, ruminant and pig breeds will be studied for capacity building, conservation and sustainable use of resources. The risks of parasitic infections accompanying reintroduction of domestic herbivores into degraded habitat will be monitored upon parasitic population inventory. The indicators of the influence of reintroduction of grazing animals on natural pastures will be assessed through floral composition and nutritive value of pastures. In order to highlight mechanisms which support good health in autochthonous breeds but are key factors which cause metabolic, reproductive and udder diseases in highly selected breeds of cattle, metabolic and endocrine parameters between autochthonous cattle breeds and those selected for high milk production will be compared. New standards in selection for high milk production based on mechanisms which increase cattle resistance to diseases will be recommended.