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Projects / Programmes source: ARIS

Smart Real Time Continuous Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring Sensor

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Research activity

Code Science Field Subfield
2.09.03  Engineering sciences and technologies  Electronic components and technologies  Microelectronics 

Code Science Field
T001  Technological sciences  Electronics and Electrical technology 

Code Science Field
2.02  Engineering and Technology  Electrical engineering, Electronic engineering, Information engineering 
Keywords
noninvasive blood glucose measurement, impedance spectroscopy, ASIC for sensor system array
Evaluation (rules)
source: COBISS
Evaluation of bibliographic research performance indicators according to ARIS methodology
Citations Citations for bibliographic records in COBIB.SI that are linked to records in citation databases
source: WoS source: Scopus source: COBISS
Researchers (12)
no. Code Name and surname Research area Role Period No. of publications
1.  38444  Daniele Bertocchi  Engineering sciences and technologies  Researcher  2017 - 2019  0 
2.  33297  Mitja Brlan    Technical associate  2016 - 2019  0 
3.  51518  Miha Cacovich  Engineering sciences and technologies  Researcher  2018 - 2019  0 
4.  31188  PhD Olga Chambers  Mathematics  Researcher  2017 - 2019  28 
5.  32158  PhD Jana Milenković  Systems and cybernetics  Researcher  2016 - 2017  12 
6.  03213  Janez Novak  Metrology  Researcher  2016  5 
7.  32578  PhD Uroš Puc  Electronic components and technologies  Researcher  2016 - 2019  71 
8.  24326  PhD Aleksander Sešek  Electronic components and technologies  Researcher  2017 - 2019  142 
9.  00166  PhD Drago Strle  Electronic components and technologies  Researcher  2018 - 2019  244 
10.  32972  PhD Mario Trifković  Electronic components and technologies  Researcher  2016 - 2017  23 
11.  01927  PhD Janez Trontelj  Electronic components and technologies  Head  2016 - 2019  581 
12.  11035  PhD Aleksander Zidanšek  Physics  Researcher  2018 - 2019  360 
Organisations (3)
no. Code Research organisation City Registration number No. of publications
1.  1538  University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering  Ljubljana  1626965  27,783 
2.  2338  Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School  Ljubljana  1917544  11,434 
3.  6734  RLS Merilna tehnika, d.o.o. (Slovene)  Komenda  5315247000  98 
Abstract
With this proposal we intend to expose the important points related with the design and development of the noninvasive blood glucose monitoring medical device. The advent of a pain free noninvasive technology would improve the patient’s compliance for regular blood glucose monitoring. Subsequently the diabetic patient’s life will improve considerably. The feeble signals produced by the glucose molecules provide the main difficulty in its bioimpedance detection. Bioimpedance measurement is gaining importance in wide field of bioresearch and biomedical systems due to its noninvasive nature. Noninvasive measurement method is very important to decrease infection and physical injuries which result due to invasive measurement. During the research activities proposed in this document we plan to evaluate the principle of bioimpedance spectroscopy with its realisation in sensor system array for blood glucose analysis based on frequency impedance measurement. We plan to develop a sensor on the basis of the proposed architecture where input from bioimpedance sensor will be amplified and processed with microcontroller. During model and sensor development we have to focus also on the weak sensitivity, specificity and on the water molecular spectral overlapping related to the glucose molecules for the optimal advancement in this field. Moreover, the skin tissue based scattering, reflection pattern, transmittance plays the major role for the application of the noninvasive based bioimpedance spectroscopy techniques. Some vital points like models and classification based on detected spectral features should be targeted and their optimal solution related issues will be identified and observed in the project goals.
Significance for science
The key challenges in the development of noninvasive glucose measurement NGM devices are the improvement of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), sensitivity, development of wearable continuous NGM systems, evaluation of analytical performances, development of procedures for highly precise blood glucose determination, and reducing the time taken for glucose measurement. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the sensitivity of NGM devices can be improved by employing next-generation of transducers and methods that can do the parallel monitoring of multiple parameters. The increase in sensitivity of each of the techniques and reducing the contribution of noise improves the SNR. Sensitivity and SNR can be further improved by digital filters and data processing methods such as regression methods, artificial neural networks, principal component analysis and partial least squares. The development of wearable continuous NGM system is a major challenge. The other commonly important parameter for characterizing sensor performance is the Mean Absolute Relative Difference (MARD) which should be below 15% to be considered acceptable. There is also a need to develop the methods for determining the blood glucose levels from the glucose concentration in other physiological fluids such as interstitial fluid. However, a full clinical study is required to validate these findings. The dynamic correlation methods may not necessarily be as useful because the “lag” between blood and tissue glucose also depends on the site of measurement, on individual patient characteristics, which may change, and on whether the glucose is increasing or decreasing. It is to be noted that there is time lag induced by the glucose measurement process itself apart from the physiological time lag for the glucose to pass from the blood to the glucose measurement site (interstitial fluid). Presently, the time taken for glucose measurement by many NGM techniques is undoubtedly much higher than the time taken by glucose meters. This is also a limitation which should be analysed for the proposed NGM technique. The inherent lack of specificity in certain NGM technologies, weak signal, and interference from absorption and scattering of other tissue components are some of the other issues that need to be addressed in the proposed project. However in addition, our research on the use of modern noninvasive blood glucose measurement methods, despite the fact that it will be done on model and on statistical skin sensor model, could show potentials for future use of clinical and in home studies of noninvasive blood glucose sensing. The approach in our proposal is truly noninvasive and doesn’t examine the blood directly, what it is actually measuring is a range of physiological phenomena within the body, which are correlated with glucose levels. In addition, our research on the use of modern noninvasive blood glucose measurements approach, despite the fact that it will be verified on model, could show possibilities for future use of clinical and in-home measures of blood glucose in real time.
Significance for the country
Participating organizations in this project are the company Savings Ltd., which is affiliated with the Clinical Center Trnovo and RLS. The first company is also tightly linked with the University Medical Centre Ljubljana. The medical staff of the Centre Trnovo, such as the University Medical Centre have expressed the interest in participating on the project of non-invasive glucose sensor development, since this method of measurement to simplify the patients’ control, as well as increased quality of life. For medical personnel the research findings of indirect measurement of blood glucose may be useful by the fact that the proposed method is much safer than today's invasive methods that are also widely used. By introducing this sensor technology into regular clinical work health care, health insurance companies, as well as patients would be acquired. Depending on the orientation of Slovenia into the green economy, the proposed project represents a very broad scope of possibilities for the transition from vague vision to a completely new development vision of a green economy and high-tech industries of the future. This would be based on a sustainable program enabled completely a new development of the Slovenian health care in the primary as well as secondary level. The issue of sustainable development of the field of non-invasive sensors for the needs of medicine enables the development of human resources, new high-tech jobs, investing in staff development, as well as the development of partnerships between research, development and other social groups. This project should lead to the development of new technologies in our and a wider area, as well to the development of medicine.
Most important scientific results Interim report, final report
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results Interim report, final report
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