Projects / Programmes
Kinesiology of monostructural, polystructural (games) and conventional sports
January 1, 1999
- December 31, 2003
| Code |
Science |
Field |
Subfield |
| 5.10.00 |
Social sciences |
Sport |
|
| Code |
Science |
Field |
| S273 |
Social sciences |
Physical training, motorial learning, sport |
Researchers (24)
Organisations (1)
Abstract
Work on the research programme ""Kinesiology of monostructural, polystructural (games) and conventional sports"" in 1999 was oriented into defining models of successfulness for the chosen sports, from the viewpoint of morphologic characteristics, basic and special motor abilities, bio-mechanical characteristics and psychological characteristics. Research was carried out in the form of pilot studies, defining measurement instruments, their construction and finding their metric characteristics.
In monostructural sports we studied kinematic models of sprint technique, broad jump, hurdles and javelin throw. An expert system was constructed for young top javelin throwers, a morphological model of hurdlers and a model of optimal hurdle clearance technique. With a force plate we found the ground reaction forces for sprinters and hurdlers. With tensio-myography (TMG) we study the contractile properties of skeletal muscles by selective measuring of time intervals of radial deviations of the muscle's belly. The project is being carried out in co-operation with the Laboratory for muscle biomechanics of the Faculty of Electrical Engineering. The results are immediately incorporated into the system of monitoring top athletes in track and field.
In conventional sports (artistic gymnastics) measurements have been carried out and an transversal analysis made of the state of morphological characteristics and motor abilities of 6-14 year old boys. Norms have been prepared to evaluate potential successfulness of young competitors in artistic gymnastics. A test of congruity between the model of potential successfulness and actual competitive successfulness of gymnasts of younger categories was made. The results of the study were presented at a coaches course of FIG (International Gymnastic Federation) in Hungary.
For ski-jumping, the main accent of research was on an expert system of ski-jumping in basic and special motorics, morphology and psychology. A kinematic model of jumping technique in the take-off phase was also constructed.
Research in sports games is being carried out in five sports games (basketball, handball, soccer, volleyball and tennis). In basketball we studied the morphologic-motor potential of players of two state selections, differences between guard and wings and between players of the starting five and their replacements in chosen anthropometric, motor and psychological variables. We also assessed potential successfulness of young female basketball players with the help of an expert system.. In handball the focus was on studying the loading of players in the attack phase and the kinematic structure of two jump shots. In volleyball we studied the association between competitive and potential successfulness of young players and teams and the changes in development of chosen morphologic and motor dimensions, important for playing success. In soccer we studied prognostic validity of expert systems for orientation, selection and monitoring the training process of young players. In tennis we studied potential and competitive successfulness of young tennis players, characteristics of basic and special motor abilities, bio-mechanic characteristics of different strokes and psychological characteristics.
Co-operation of the researchers in the programme is mainly with the following institutions: Faculty of Sport in Olomouc and Budapest, Faculty of Physical Culture in Zagreb and the University of Toronto - Faculty of Physical and Health Education.
Most important scientific results
Final report
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results
Final report
