Projects / Programmes
Biologija telesne aktivnosti (Slovene)
January 1, 1999
- December 31, 2003
| Code |
Science |
Field |
Subfield |
| 5.10.00 |
Social sciences |
Sport |
|
| 3.06.00 |
Medical sciences |
Cardiovascular system |
|
| 3.03.00 |
Medical sciences |
Neurobiology |
|
| Code |
Science |
Field |
| S273 |
Social sciences |
Physical training, motorial learning, sport |
| B470 |
Biomedical sciences |
Physiology |
| B540 |
Biomedical sciences |
Respiratory system |
| B580 |
Biomedical sciences |
Skeleton, muscle system, rheumatology locomotion |
Researchers (11)
Organisations (1)
Abstract
THE REGULATION OF ACID-BASE STATUS IN EXERCISE: Due to the accumulation of lactate (LA) in the organism, acidosis increases (pH values are decreased). The organism tries to compensate this, or at least lessen it, with the help of buffers, where pulmonary ventilation (Ve) plays an important part. We studied the relation between the Ve/LA ratio and pH values. We found that the differences between individuals with more or less endurance are greatest in the pH region with the greatest puffer power of Ve. Individuals with better endurance were able to change more the monitored ratio on account of LA, for an equal change in pH.
OXYGEN THRESHOLD: We studied the lately discovered oxygen threshold (OT) from the viewpoint of the oxygen consumption kinetics during an incremental testing protocol. We found that oxygen consumption achieves a stationary state (levels off) for each loading, up to the OT level. For greater loadings the stationary state disappears, since the oxygen consumption constantly increases. These differences cause the oxygen threshold.
CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM DURING SUPER-LONG EFFORT: Reserves of carbohydrates (CH) during such effort represent a limiting factor; therefore they need to be supplemented with nutrient additives and beverages. In order to understand the metabolism of CH, one must follow the glucose molecules to their end products. This is possible with a stable carbon isotope, which is tied to glucose (13C-GLU). This technology, which we have been transferring from the USA in the last few years, was successfully tested here at the end of the year, for the first time in physiology in general, on a pilot sample of athletes of different states of preparedness.
APPLIED PROJECTS
SWIMMING: Measurement of forces in the water received a lot of attention since this is an important problem in swimming. The most important finding of this experiment is that the current model of computing active resistance during swimming is valid only as a special model and not as a general one and is therefore for most swimmers non-valid or at least problematic. Pulmonary ventilation (Ve) in swimming received special attention since its magnitude is probably defined by the swimming technique and not the need for increased breathing during swimming. This hypothesis was checked and it was found that Ve is actually limited during swimming. This can lead to increased partial pressure of CO2 in the blood, maybe also to increased acidosis, both can cause fatigue.
SKIING: We performed a one-week experimental programme of skiing. The main finding was that after the first day local fatigue appears, but is of short duration. However, after the fourth day central fatigue appears, which remains in evidence also the next day.
REHABILITATION: The exercise project for patients with pain in the patella consisted of seven weeks of organised exercise, and alternately seven weeks of electrical stimulation of the muscles. The main findings are that fitness exercise caused a decrease or total abolition of pain and improvement of function in all the monitored cases, but in none of the cases after electrical stimulation, pointing to a more important role of central mechanisms than peripheral ones.
Most important scientific results
Final report
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results
Final report
