Projects / Programmes
GUIDELINES OF TABLE GRAPE PRODUCTION IN SLOVENIA WITH THE AIM TO INCREASE SELF-SUFFECIENCY
| Code |
Science |
Field |
Subfield |
| 4.03.01 |
Biotechnical sciences |
Plant production |
Agricultural plants |
| Code |
Science |
Field |
| B006 |
Biomedical sciences |
Agronomics |
| Code |
Science |
Field |
| 4.01 |
Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences |
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
GRAPEVINE, ASSORTMENT, TABLE GRAPE, QUALITY, CULTIVATION, PRACTICES, GUIDELINES
Researchers (18)
Organisations (4)
Abstract
Slovenia's self-sufficiency regarding commodities of plant origin is on a very low level, a consequence of high food production costs, low buying-in prices of locally produced crops and cheap imports, intensification of monospecific plantations and the reduction of the purchasing power of Slovenian consumers. Grape and fruit growers are in search of additional resources and triggers to increase the incomes of their farms, where table grape production in the last decade revealed itself as a market-attractive agricultural branch. In Slovenia table grape production is still a young agrarian sector that may offer a wide range of benefits, in context of large-scale production and smaller farms as well, as a secondary activity and enrichment to wine and fruit routes across Slovenia. The table grapes available on the Slovenian market are for the most part imported and of foreign origin and are usually harvested in early stages of veraison (green) due to the disputed and elaborate transportation, thus are of love quality or even inedible. Grapes are non-climacteric fruits with a low physiological activity, meaning that following harvest their quality does not enhance, or rather relatively quickly drops. On that account, to avoid a radical quality loss, it is necessary to pre-treat the grapes prior to transportation with a variety of chemicals, often harmful to human health. The latter deleterious effects have been subject to a renown German agency of consumer protection (CVUA Stuttgart), that randomly sampled table grapes on a large number of different supermarket shelfs, and detected that 98% of all sampled grapes contained pesticide residues (exceeded the maximum residue limit), while 4% of these showed values harmful to human health. Due to the ever-growing awareness of a healthy lifestyle, table grape consumption has increased among European consumers. The consumption of grapes positively affects human metabolism, as 200 g of consumed grapes meet the daily input demand for vitamins and minerals. The human organism quickly absorbs the energy from the grapes (glucose), furthermore grapes are rich in same compounds, barely some other fruits contain. These are the reasons for the increase of both: local table grape production and its consumption. Subsequently the share of environmentally-sound grape production should increase, especially that of the organic production, that leads to a reduction in environmental pollution with pesticides while enhancing the nutrient value of the commodity, the table grape. For a cultivation technique like this to become sustainable and ensure producers economic and social safety, it is necessary to establish varietal agro-ampelographic practices, obligatory in the production procedure of table grapes. By defining the guidelines of table grape production, producers will be able to efficiently exploit the positive influences of the environment, while best possibly neutralise its negative impacts. One of the most important principles is by all means the optimal selection of the grapevine for table grape production, as we are witness to a growing interest in disease resistant and abiotic stress tolerant grapevine varieties. Numerous foreign breeding-centres have crossbred a large number of such grapevine varieties, however with zero on-site experiences and insufficient reports it is difficult to predict the adaptability of these grapevines in Slovenia. As part of the project, we will choose and evaluate the sample and demonstrational vineyards comprising table grapes, where the growth and yield potential of the particular grapevine varieties will be researched and the chemical and sensory evaluation of their fruits will be conducted. The methodology of the scans and the identification of the chemical and sensory analyses will imply all modern and renowned research equipment and work methodology. This way we will obtain the first preliminary data on the quality of these grapevine varieties in our environme
Significance for science
Pridelava namiznega grozdja v Sloveniji, v danih okoljskih razmerah je še neraziskana, predvsem ne o primernosti sort, ki bi kljubovale vremenskim razmeram, neprilikam in boleznim ter škodljivcem, ki so ključnega pomena za trajnostno in ekonomsko stabilnost rastlinske produkcije. Z raziskavo bomo doprinesli k poznavanju sort ter potencialu, ki ga imajo le-te v naših pridelovalnih razmerah, in prvič bomo ovrednotili primarne in sekundarne metabolite takega grozdja, ki pa vemo, da so pri namiznem grozdju pomemben pokazatelj kakovosti, tako senzorične kot tudi prehranske.
Dobljeni rezultati raziskave bodo omogočili postavitev nove paradigme okolju prijaznejše pridelave namiznega grozdja, in posledice le-tega na kemijsko in senzorično kakovost grozdja.
S tem projektom se dejansko širi področje vinogradniške znanosti, ki je bilo na tem segmentu do sedaj zelo deficitarno. Na osnovi znanstvenih dognanj bo prenos znanj izveden do širše vinogradniške stroke s čimer bo uporabnikom omogočen dostop do najnovejših dognanj na tem področju. Sorte s primernimi lastnostmi za naše pridelovalne razmere bodo lahko uporabljene v nadaljevanju žlahtnjenja oziroma pri križanju in pridobivanju novih sort.
Significance for the country
Rastlinska produkcija, pridelava hrane se je v Sloveniji, predvsem zaradi slabih ekonomskih vzvodov zelo zmanjšala, tako da je danes samooskrba s sadjem v Sloveniji dosegla najnižjo raven. Povečanje prihodkov na kmetiji, ki ga bomo dosegli predvsem z zmanjšanjem stroškov pridelave, bi lahko slovenske pridelovalce sadja spodbudila, da bi se spet odločali za pridelavo le-tega in tako povečali samooskrbo Slovenije. In prav pridelava namiznega grozdja, kot še ne izkoriščena kmetijska panoga v Sloveniji, lahko ima večji vpliv na trajnostno pridelavo sadja. Ampak za tako pridelavo, pridelovalci potrebuje smernice ter tehnološka navodila, s katerimi bodo lahko čim bolje zmanjšali negativne in čim bolje izkoristili pozitivne vplive okolja, vremenskih in talnih danosti. Izbor sorte, ki v danih pridelovalnih razmerah mora dati najboljše rezultate, je za trajnostno pridelavo ključnega pomena, saj se s tem izognemo večjemu vnosu FFS v nasad in posledično zmanjšamo onesnaževanje okolja, kot tudi povečamo prehransko varnost pridelka. To lahko tudi vpliva na izboljšanje splošne ocene države glede uporabe pesticidov, ki je za enkrat še pod evropskim povprečjem. Skrajšale se bodo tudi transportne poti oziroma čas prehajanja namiznega grozdja od vinograda do potrošnika, kar bo rezultiralo v večji svežini pridelka.
Rezultati raziskave bodo zagotovo pripomogli k povečanju pridelave namiznega grozdja v Sloveniji, kar bo povečalo tudi prihodke na kmetijah, saj se ga lahko vključi tako v intenzivno pridelavo, kot tudi pridelavo manjšega obsega, kot dodatno turistično ponudbo na vinskih, sadnih cestah Slovenije. Rezultati raziskave bodo posredno vplivali tudi na ohranjanje ter celo povečanje pridelave sadja na podeželju ter posledično k vsaj ohranjanju poseljenosti, krajine ter socialne varnosti kmetijcev.
Most important scientific results
Final report
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results
Annual report
2015,
2016,
final report
