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Projects / Programmes source: ARIS

Altering properties of metallic materials through deep cryogenic treatment

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Research activity

Code Science Field Subfield
2.04.00  Engineering sciences and technologies  Materials science and technology   

Code Science Field
T150  Technological sciences  Material technology 

Code Science Field
2.05  Engineering and Technology  Materials engineering 
Keywords
deep cryogenic treatment, microstructure, wear resistance, properties, metals
Evaluation (rules)
source: COBISS
Evaluation of bibliographic research performance indicators according to ARIS methodology
Citations Citations for bibliographic records in COBIB.SI that are linked to records in citation databases
source: WoS source: Scopus source: COBISS
Researchers (18)
no. Code Name and surname Research area Role Period No. of publications
1.  37413  PhD Ana Debevec  Materials science and technology  Junior researcher  2018  45 
2.  21559  PhD Darja Feizpour  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  175 
3.  31346  MSc Nina Gartner  Materials science and technology  Technical associate  2018 - 2021  77 
4.  10842  PhD Matjaž Godec  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  888 
5.  37501  PhD Miha Hren  Civil engineering  Junior researcher  2018 - 2020  67 
6.  53789  PhD Matic Jovičević Klug  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2020 - 2021  83 
7.  51954  PhD Patricia Jovičević Klug  Physics  Junior researcher  2019 - 2021  74 
8.  22315  PhD Tadeja Kosec  Chemistry  Researcher  2018 - 2021  343 
9.  37699  PhD Petra Močnik  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2019 - 2021  36 
10.  28660  PhD Irena Paulin  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  322 
11.  15269  PhD Bojan Podgornik  Materials science and technology  Head  2018 - 2021  1,145 
12.  26237  PhD Marko Sedlaček  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  296 
13.  39121  PhD Božo Skela  Materials science and technology  Junior researcher  2018 - 2020  23 
14.  04101  PhD Božidar Šarler  Process engineering  Researcher  2018 - 2021  1,133 
15.  25498  PhD Barbara Šetina Batič  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  262 
16.  08001  PhD Franc Tehovnik  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  329 
17.  38154  PhD Jure Voglar  Chemical engineering  Researcher  2020  49 
18.  32177  PhD Borut Žužek  Materials science and technology  Researcher  2018 - 2021  491 
Organisations (2)
no. Code Research organisation City Registration number No. of publications
1.  0206  Institute of Metals and Technology  Ljubljana  5051622000  6,152 
2.  1502  Slovenian National Building and Civil Engineering Institute  Ljubljana  5866324000  10,284 
Abstract
Despite the huge potential and capability of deep cryogenic treatments (DCT) for improving the properties and performance of materials, these processes are still hardly known and implemented in practice. The main reason is that the development of this technology has been mainly empiric, without a clear understanding of the scientific basics that underline the transformations provoked by deep cryogenic temperatures in the materials. The deep cryogenic treatment is a thermal treatment similar to the heat treatments, with one major difference. The conventional heat treatment is part of the material development program. Deep cryogenic treatment is not and is only “tried out” for some materials. This situation has led to a misuse of these processes in many circumstances and, as a result, to a lack of consistency in the results. Furthermore, although there are many reports on positive effect of deep cryogenic treatments, the metallurgical fundamentals that are behind these processes are not completely understood yet. The main objective of this project proposal is to move away from trial and error approach and go more in deep in the knowledge of the fundamentals of this technology and to reach an exhaustive and multi-scale knowledge about deep cryogenic treatment and its effects on materials including micro-structural mechanisms and related changes in macroscopic properties. Improved fundamental knowledge is essential in order to prepare clear guidelines as known in conventional heat treatment technologies and to develop more robust and standardized cryogenic processes, which would lead to more predictable results when they are used in industry, including large and heavy equipment. Challenge of the proposed research is to provide a more reliable approach and a more in-depth understanding of the correlations between microstructural changes and properties by overcoming the current trial-and-error approach. In this way new possibilities in terms of further material properties improvement can be expected, not being limited only to steel but also to other metals.
Significance for science
Project results will have a clear impact in the knowledge of the deep cryogenic treatment technology, allowing for a faster and more efficient development of new applications. It will obviously help to line the research activities with the industrial needs and to increase their scientific and technological level. From the scientific point of view, it has been already mentioned the lack of full understanding of the metallurgical fundamentals of cryogenic treatments. The added problem in this case is the extremely wide range of very different materials that can be cryogenically treated, thus understanding the basics will help identifying materials and applications susceptible to deep cryogenic treatment in a scientific way. Clearly oriented and coordinated research activity is necessary to boost the knowledge and the development of the deep cryogenic treatment technology. The starting point is to increase the level of knowledge and above all understanding of the microstructural changes (on macro, micro and nano-level) taking place during deep cryogenic treatment, which are responsible for change in properties, including wear resistance, fatigue properties, corrosion resistance etc. This won’t be limited only to ferrous materials but extended to other non-ferrous materials like aluminium, nickel and titanium alloys. Based on that more efficient applied research activities focussing on modelling, correlations between microstructural changes and properties and process optimization and integration into the standard heat treatment procedure will be stimulated. The expected progress beyond the state-of-art would be concentrated in these lines: - deeper knowledge of the theoretical fundamentals of the technology. - optimal deep cryogenic treatment parameters (cooling velocity, cooling time, number of cryogenic treatment cycles) - numerical modelling and simulation of physical-mechanical properties - standardization of deep cryogenic treatment routes used in research activities and in industrial applications. - further integration of cryogenic and conventional heat treatment processes and expanding cryogenic treatment to other non-ferrous materials. From the technological point of view, it is important for these treatments to gain industrial relevance in order to increase their implementation in practice. The mostly empiric strategy used so far doesn’t help at all. More and more a solid technological understanding of the process is required before industry will consider the use of a new technology. Through the project activities better knowledge and insight into the deep cryogenic technology will be obtained thus allowing industrial implementation and to get the most out of the use of deep cryogenic temperatures to increase the performance of the materials.
Significance for the country
Project results will have a clear impact in the knowledge of the deep cryogenic treatment technology, allowing for a faster and more efficient development of new applications. It will obviously help to line the research activities with the industrial needs and to increase their scientific and technological level. From the scientific point of view, it has been already mentioned the lack of full understanding of the metallurgical fundamentals of cryogenic treatments. The added problem in this case is the extremely wide range of very different materials that can be cryogenically treated, thus understanding the basics will help identifying materials and applications susceptible to deep cryogenic treatment in a scientific way. Clearly oriented and coordinated research activity is necessary to boost the knowledge and the development of the deep cryogenic treatment technology. The starting point is to increase the level of knowledge and above all understanding of the microstructural changes (on macro, micro and nano-level) taking place during deep cryogenic treatment, which are responsible for change in properties, including wear resistance, fatigue properties, corrosion resistance etc. This won’t be limited only to ferrous materials but extended to other non-ferrous materials like aluminium, nickel and titanium alloys. Based on that more efficient applied research activities focussing on modelling, correlations between microstructural changes and properties and process optimization and integration into the standard heat treatment procedure will be stimulated. The expected progress beyond the state-of-art would be concentrated in these lines: - deeper knowledge of the theoretical fundamentals of the technology. - optimal deep cryogenic treatment parameters (cooling velocity, cooling time, number of cryogenic treatment cycles) - numerical modelling and simulation of physical-mechanical properties - standardization of deep cryogenic treatment routes used in research activities and in industrial applications. - further integration of cryogenic and conventional heat treatment processes and expanding cryogenic treatment to other non-ferrous materials. From the technological point of view, it is important for these treatments to gain industrial relevance in order to increase their implementation in practice. The mostly empiric strategy used so far doesn’t help at all. More and more a solid technological understanding of the process is required before industry will consider the use of a new technology. Through the project activities better knowledge and insight into the deep cryogenic technology will be obtained thus allowing industrial implementation and to get the most out of the use of deep cryogenic temperatures to increase the performance of the materials.
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