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Projects / Programmes source: ARIS

Establishment of a system for the use of DNA markers for genetic identification and verification of varietal authenticity and purity of major cereals and brasicas as a basis for the quality production of seeds, food and feed

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Research activity

Code Science Field Subfield
4.03.01  Biotechnical sciences  Plant production  Agricultural plants 

Code Science Field
B006  Biomedical sciences  Agronomics 

Code Science Field
4.01  Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences  Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 
Keywords
varietal purity, varietal genuineness, DNA markers, genetic identification, crucifer species, cereal species
Evaluation (rules)
source: COBISS
Evaluation of bibliographic research performance indicators according to ARIS methodology
Citations Citations for bibliographic records in COBIB.SI that are linked to records in citation databases
source: WoS source: Scopus source: COBISS
Researchers (14)
no. Code Name and surname Research area Role Period No. of publications
1.  50595  PhD Eva Blatnik  Plant production  Junior researcher  2018 - 2021  22 
2.  13379  PhD Peter Dolničar  Plant production  Researcher  2018 - 2021  823 
3.  51501  Maša Jablonska  Control and care of the environment  Technical associate  2018 - 2020  48 
4.  34256  PhD Aleš Kolmanič  Plant production  Researcher  2018 - 2021  305 
5.  05666  MSc Boris Koruza  Plant production  Technical associate  2018 - 2021  210 
6.  22937  Marija Kregar    Technical associate  2018 - 2021  0 
7.  05667  PhD Vladimir Meglič  Plant production  Head  2018 - 2021  864 
8.  17317  Andrej Obal    Technical associate  2018 - 2021  25 
9.  29498  PhD Barbara Pipan  Plant production  Researcher  2018 - 2021  270 
10.  11092  MSc Romana Rutar  Plant production  Technical associate  2018 - 2021  113 
11.  32176  PhD Aleš Sedlar  Plant production  Researcher  2018 - 2020  54 
12.  37723  PhD Lovro Sinkovič  Plant production  Researcher  2018 - 2021  223 
13.  34021  Darja Vouk    Technical associate  2018 - 2021  0 
14.  13193  Drago Žitek  Plant production  Technical associate  2018 - 2021  45 
Organisations (1)
no. Code Research organisation City Registration number No. of publications
1.  0401  Agricultural institute of Slovenia  Ljubljana  5055431  20,018 
Abstract
The key components of ensuring food safety and risk reduction for a successful agricultural production are seed quality and varietal genuineness, which are adapted to Slovenian growth conditions. New regulations, established by International Seed Testing Association (ISTA) on January 1st in 2017, are introducing more reliable procedures to verify varietal genuineness based on DNA markers. Giving the relevance of this issue, ISTA is currently in preparation for releasing a DNA-based Variety Identification Manual, which will be published in 2019. In its 2016 – 2017 report, the ISTA working group introduced wheat Short Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. SSR markers are in general mostly used molecular tool for different plant breeds, although for some breeds more precise Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers are being introduced. (ISTA News Bulletin, 154, October 2017). In cooperation with Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development Seed Schemes (OECD), the Service for Official Certification of Seed and Plant Propagation Material of Agricultural Plants (SUP) at Agricultural Institute of Slovenia was called upon to define biochemical and molecular analysis for varietal purity testing, identification and hybridization analysis within individual plant species, which also needed to be defined. In this regard a lot of attention is being drawn to application of DNA markers, while biochemical markers are increasingly more being replaced by the former. Lately, plant breeders are taking effort for each variety description to also include prescriptive methods for genetic identification and accessible genetic profile of specific loci in genome for effective and reliable identification of varieties. Subsequently plant breeders are interested in introducing new, effective and reliable variety identification methods to protect their “breeders’ rights”, for which DNA markers are most suitable. Most difficulties with official certification of plant material during vegetation occur with plants with atypical traits, especially within cereal and crucifer species, where variety identification is challenging. Same difficulties occur during laboratory analysis of seed quality, where seed morphologic traits can cause ambiguity when tested for varietal purity and germination, causing dubiety in plant variety, species and even genus. New varieties are becoming less indistinguishable by morphological traits, which make visual identification problematic. Within proposed project, we aim to establish a reliable and effective genetic tool which will be used for target identification of genus/species/variety of important cereal and crucifer members, if varietal purity and identification analysis of seed and plant material samples will not be able to provide definite results. Such established molecular marker system could enable genome-specific and variety differentiation both inter- and intra-species of cereal and crucifer species, produced in Slovenia. It is crucial that genetic identification, in case morphological identification for specific category raises doubts, is performed at the starting point of production chain with seed samples in seed laboratories, since undesirable matter and presence of atypical varieties greatly affect yield quality and subsequently food and feed safety. The established DNA-based genotyping system will represent an effective and reliable support for variety identification regarding verifying variety genuineness and variety pureness (undesirable varieties’ impurities). These established methods will enable us to identify major/specific alleles to generate genetic profiles within genus/species/variety of agronomical important cereals and crucifers. The obtained results will help us to reveal the genetic variability of individual variety, including degree of uniformity. Obtained allelic profiles of varieties will act as genetic backgrounds for indirectly enforcing breeding rights and identification of autochthonous
Significance for science
Relevance for science i reflected in the results of the proposed project, that will provide an insight into general diversity among varieties within cereals and crucifers. Based on application of different DNA markers associated with differentiation of individual genomes within and among different varieties, we will obtain information on genomic regions associated with distinguishing between varieties. This could also contribute to genomic research using next generation sequencing technologies (NGS). Molecular techniques have been a current topic for a long time among professionals dealing with testing for distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS), with procedures for official certification of seed production and with identification of varietal genuineness and purity in the field. In order to explore applicability of these techniques, several working groups have been established at various professional institutions (OECD, ISTA, UPOV, European Commission), whose direct or indirect members are also Slovenian certification bodies. Research on molecular techniques in certification procedures will thus be widely used and will mainly help to establish advanced complementary techniques for determination of varietal genuineness and purity both in Slovenia and in the wider area. The aim of the research is primarily to acquire protocols and to establish methods that would clearly outline the usage of molecular techniques in certification of cereals and crucifers. Results of the proposed project will form the basis for preparation or improvement of databases with genetic background of varieties, obtained by proven and repeatable protocols. These databases could be established and updated with registration of new varieties, which would enable the certification service, the ministry and plant breeders to interact with the database in case of continuation.
Significance for the country
Production of seeds, both crops and vegetables, is an important field within agriculture. Seed trading, which is linked to international environment, is also important. As the seed market is growing rapidly, the key question is how to ensure quality control over seeds and their quality with minimal inputs, in order to conserve biodiversity and protect the consumers. One of the ways to achieve that is certainly controlling the whole process of seed production, from seed production planning to the final consumer. This can be achieved only with expertise, experience and all the knowledge available. Seed testing is undoubtedly an important factor in this chain. Usage of molecular techniques in the process of varietal genuineness and purity can shorten the procedures for its approvance into the variety list, facilitate protection of breeders' rights and ensure that the consumer receives only the best seed providing maximum yield. Additionally, genetic information on specific varieties can serve as a basis for future legislation in the field of production and certification of organic seeds (EU 2018/848).
Most important scientific results
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results Annual report 2019
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