Projects / Programmes
Investigation of some indefinite aspects of growth, development and composition seeds of alternative oil crops
| Code |
Science |
Field |
Subfield |
| 4.03.00 |
Biotechnical sciences |
Plant production |
|
| Code |
Science |
Field |
| B006 |
Biomedical sciences |
Agronomics |
oil crops, growth, yield, quality, dry conditions
Researchers (13)
Organisations (1)
Abstract
Alternative oil crops (camelina, oil (seed) poppy, safflower and oil (seed pumpkins) represent an important crop rotation and sale niches, especially on small scale farms. After comparison of the literature in the book Bavec F. in Bavec M. 'Organic production and use of alternative crops, Taylor and Francis, CRC, 2006 it is evident, that some of the topics for their production have a lack of research results. The reasons and the aims for this research are (i) due to the lack of information’s to get a new, comparable data about agronomical and economical parameters in oil crops, obligatory for future decisions. (ii) There exist aslo the lack of data in case of resistance to dry conditions and the effects of lack of the moisture during early growth stages and later. This kind of key knowledge should support better adaptation of crops production to climate changes. (iii) It is also not clear if the choise of appropriate origin of poppy might avoid or differently influence the concentration of opiates in the urine. The recipe of cake Prekmurska gibanica is protected. In case of it’s consummation or consummation other products made from poppy, there are needs about clear definition how to avoid the opiates in the urine (eventually of positive test in traffic, sports, etc.). Hypothesis will be tested with appropriate statistical methods and conclusions according to the aims will be done.
Significance for science
In the field of alternative oil crops we got additional informations about the effects of different supply at different growth stages under greenhouse experiments and the field trials on growth and development of four alternative oil crops (camelina - Camelina sativa L., oil pumpkin - Cucurbita pepo group Pepo, garden poppy - Papaver somniferum L. and false flax - Carthamus tinctorius L.), as a contribution for better understanding possibilities for alternative oil crops production.
The fact is that water supply (dry conditions) at different growth stages were not represented in available papers. However, five different water regimes had significant effects on length of stems, number of leaves, number of flower buds, mass of stems, mass of leaves, leaf area index, dry mass matter of leaves and roots at all measured growth stages (leaves, flowering and ripening); but in oil pumpkins differences between water regimes exist only in mass of roots and dry matter of plants at the last growth tage. There were significantly different effects of water regimes on all measured parameters for false flax, but in camelina measured parameters significantly differed at the third measurement. Due to observed differences we can conclude that poppy was the most influenced alternative oil crop by water regimes at all growth stages.
The results of trials at two locations (heavy and light soil) show significant effects of year of production and soil type on growth and yield in spite of very close locations for all investigated oil crops. Due to a rainy period at ripening stage of false flax, the plants decayed (and no yield was gained). The various varieties of poppy are the most variable plants in the trials because of significant differences in morphological parameters and yields. In case of camelina the yield of variety Iwan was significantly higher compared to a Slovenian population from Mežica. The location and variety of oil crop species did not influence photosynthetic parameters, but differences of photosynthetic values exist between the years.
The results of opiates content in the urine by all 11 poppy genotypes showed some differences between repetitions, but in average the content of opiates differ between 4,5 to 107,1 morphine + kodeine/U-kreatinine (micrograms per litre) - meaning up to 24-times difference depending on consumed seeds (10g per person) of different genotypes.
Based on our research and hypothesis we can conclude that the reaction of poppy on different regimes of water supply results with great differences in growth and yield, whereas the influence on camelina and oil pumpkins is moderate. Furthermore, in false flax the problem for yield decay is humidity at the stage of ripening. Under Slovenian temperate climate false flax is the most risky plant for production; whereas oil pumpkins present the least risky plant species (with poppy and camelina in-between).
Significance for the country
Knowledge and introduction of alternative oil crops can increase biodiversity of cultivated plants (better crop rotation), increase of possibility to find more adopted plants to climate changes (dry periods) and possible high quality and health products as a new marketing niches. If we take into account the situation of climate change, the knowledge of reactions of plant towards water supply is essential.
Thus, the reaction of alternative oil crops like camelina, false flax, garden poppy and oil pumpkins under different water supply regimes on morphological changes of plants (length of stems, number of leaves, number of flower buds, mass of stems, mass of leaves, leaf area index, dry mass matter of leaves and roots) is helpful for decision making under specific agro ecological conditions. Furthermore, it is very important to know how plants react on different water supplies at different growth stages. There was a serious lack of information present in this area. Water regimes had significantly different effects on all measured parameters in false flax, but in camelina measured parameters significantly differed at third measurement. Due to differences we can conclude that poppy was the most variable alternative oil crop due to effects of water regimes on morphological parameters and yield at all growth stages. On the other hand data from field growing conditions are very important.
In this sense results of trials at two locations (heavy and light soil) show significant effects of year of production and soil type on growth and yield in spite of very close locations for all investigated oil crops. Due to a rainy period at ripening stage of false flax, the plants decayed (and no yield was gained). The varieties of poppy are the most variable plants in the trials because of significant differences in morphological parameters and yields. The yield of variety Iwan was significantly higher compared to Slovenian population from Mežica in the case of camelina. The location and variety of oil crop species did not influence photosynthetic parameters, but differences of photosynthetic values exist between the years.
While the results of opiates content in the urine by all 11 poppy genotypes showed some differences between repetitions, the average content of opiates differs between 4,5 to 107,1 morphine + kodeine/U-kreatinine (micrograms per litre) - meaning up to 24-times difference depending on consumed seeds (10g per person) of different genotypes. In case of Slovenian genotypes from Prekmurje region it will be necessary to develop the introduction and use own genotypes for production in Slovenia.
Also for Slovenian conditions we can conclude that the reaction of poppy on different regimes of water supply results with great differences in growth and yield, whereas the influence on camelina and oil pumpkins is moderate. Furthermore, in false flax the problem for yield decay is humidity at the stage of ripening. Under Slovenian temperate climate false flax is the most risky plant for production; whereas oil pumpkins present the least risky plant species (with poppy and camelina in-between).
Most important scientific results
Annual report
2008,
final report,
complete report on dLib.si
Most important socioeconomically and culturally relevant results
Annual report
2008,
final report,
complete report on dLib.si
